Inflammation is a fundamental component of the immune response, playing a vital role in defending the body against pathogens and promoting tissue repair. However, unresolved or chronic inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, including autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and the aging process. The Keystone Symposium on “Emerging Concepts in Inflammation Resolution” will explore recent advances in inflammation resolution, offering deeper insights into underlying mechanisms and opening new avenues for therapeutic intervention in inflammatory diseases. Our interdisciplinary program covers a broad spectrum of mechanisms contributing to inflammation resolution, including signals from dying cells and damaged tissues, the function of sentinel myeloid cells, the role of T cells in immunosuppression and tissue repair, the neural control of inflammation and its resolution, and the impact of aging on these processes. Additionally, the Symposium is designed to complement the concurrent Symposium on “Tumor Microenvironment: Identifying Drivers of Progression and Resistance.” The pairing of these Keystone Symposia underscores the intricate link between the tumor microenvironment and the failure to resolve inflammation, which promotes tumor growth and progression through maladaptation of the very mechanisms meant to restore tissue homeostasis. Insights gained from studying resolution mechanisms are expected to inform strategies to mitigate the detrimental effects of unresolved inflammation on tissue function and overall health. This knowledge offers novel therapeutic targets and interventions to improve clinical outcomes in cancer and other inflammatory conditions. The combined focus on inflammation resolution and tumor microenvironment is poised to drive innovative strategies in combating chronic inflammation and its associated diseases, making these symposia pivotal for researchers and clinicians alike.